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The Canada’s Cup is a silver trophy, deeded in perpetuity to be awarded to the winner of a series of match races between a yacht representing a Canadian yacht club and one representing an American club, both to be located on the Great Lakes.〔Annals of the Royal Canadian Yacht Club, Vol. III, 1955-2000, ISBN 1-895244-01-3 (v.3) pp 379-416〕 Until 2001, the Cup matches were a test of the challenger’s and the defender’s abilities to design and build a yacht to the prevailing measurement rule, and to sail that yacht to victory. Since 2001, Cup challenges have been sailed in Farr 40 one-design yachts, so the competition is centred on sailing skills. The Cup is a unique trophy, approximately 30 cm (12 inches) high excluding base, specifically crafted for a cross-border sailing competition in 1896, and is an engraved bowl, gilt inside, whose richly embellished supporting pedestal depicts a lion and an eagle. ==Origin== In 1895, the Lincoln Park Yacht Club of Chicago〔Merged with the Chicago Yacht Club, 1920 https://www.chicagoyachtclub.org/Default.aspx?p=DynamicModule&pageid=366037&ssid=277332&vnf=1〕 challenged the Royal Canadian Yacht Club of Toronto (RCYC) to a series of races, to be held on “neutral” waters in the summer of 1896. As yacht racing was then a popular spectator sport, several cities competed to have the competition held in their waters; the winner was Toledo, Ohio, which put up a silver trophy made by Tiffany & Co. along with a cash prize of $1,500 (over $31,000 in today’s purchasing power〔The Bank of Canada (http://www.bankofcanada.ca/rates/related/inflation-calculator/ ) and the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (http://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm ) on-line inflation calculators go back only to 1914 and 1913, respectively, but give a 2012 value for this sum of $30,889.83 and $34,712.73.〕) – a customary practice in those days. The American yacht, ''Vencedor'', already in build at the time of the challenge, was a 63-foot cutter drawn by Thorwald S. Poekel, the former chief draughtsman at the renowned Herreshoff Manufacturing Company. The Canadian response was a 57-foot cutter designed by William Fife and named ''Canada''. In the summer of 1896, both yachts sailed in company to Toledo, racing against other yachts along the way and building excitement along their respective voyages. ''Canada'' won the first race in moderate weather. The following day brought high winds and rain; not wanting to expose a prized mainsail to high wind and rain, ''Vencedor's'' skipper asked for a lay day.〔A colourful and entertaining account of the Toledo series, http://www.sailingscuttlebutt.com/news/07/cc/ retrieved 26/8/12.〕 Realizing how disadvantaged his vessel would be in heavy weather, ''Canada's'' skipper, Aemilius Jarvis, agreed to the postponement. The following day, the weather moderated and ''Canada'' took the series with two straight wins, collecting the cash and the trophy. Jarvis and his syndicate then deeded the Cup to RCYC “as a perpetual challenge cup for friendly competition between representatives of yacht clubs of the two nations bordering on the Great Lakes.”〔Deed of Gift, Royal Canadian Yacht Club Archives.〕 Jarvis would sail for the Cup four more times, as defender and challenger before relinquishing the helm to another RCYC member. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Canada's Cup」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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